Persistence of Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Risk and Survival for Patients with Neuroblastoma over Two Decades

BACKGROUNDRacial/ethnic survival disparities in neuroblastoma were first reported more than a decade ago. We sought to investigate if these have persisted with current era therapy.METHODSTwo patient cohorts identified the International Neuroblastoma Risk Group Data Commons (INRGdc) (Cohort 1: diagnosed 2001-2009, n=4359; Cohort 2: 2010-2019, n=4891). Chi-squared tests used assess relationship between race/ethnicity and clinical biologic features. Survival was estimated by Kaplan-Meier method. Cox proportional hazards regression analyses performed association racial/ethnic groups prognostic markers.RESULTSSignificantly higher 5-year event-free (EFS) overall (OS) observed for 2 compared 1 (P<0.001 P<0.001, respectively). Compared White patients, Black patients both had proportion of high-risk disease P<0.001; P<0.001) worse EFS OS P<0.001). In 1, Native Americans also (P=0.03) inferior EFS/OS. No significant low- or intermediate-risk either cohort 1. Hispanic significantly (P=0.047). Significantly OS, but not EFS, (P=0.006 P=0.02, respectively) among assigned receive post-Consolidation dinutuximab on trials (n=885).CONCLUSIONRacial/ethnic over time dinutuximab.